INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY OF PLANNING GOVERNANCE
Dr Bahram Enayati
Abstract
Social capital consisting of trust relationships between local government and citizens can be very effective tool in urban and neighbourhood regeneration that Sari (capital of Mazandaran province in North of Iran) has not been benefiting from. Despite introduction of the reform in local government’s structure in Iran, the local government does not play active part in creating opportunities, whereas people are willing to participate in their area and neighbourhood activities. Participation has a long history in civil society generally and in Iran in particular. Contemporary participation is an aim created by governmental authorities to increase the chance of having contribution for people in certain aspects of city management which help achieving sustainable urban development. As citizens enter into the decision-making process, the urban development management promotes from an absolute centralized method to a participatory process. This book presents an analysis of urban design and public participation in development and urban renewal schemes. Councils as the representative of public have not yet achieved a dominating role and strong influence in local decision-making process in the civilised society of Iran. The very scatter activities of non-governmental organizations are sectoral reaction to the weakness of public domain in the society. Although city council rarely asks people their opinion prior to the approval of the plans however, without seeing any need for people’s participation, the local government alone (even not at city council level) takes full responsibility and authority in urban administration. The extent of sustainable neighbourhood governance will then be examined the by distributing a questionnaire including very basic but fundamental questions, evaluating the ambivalence over the trust between individuals and the organization. In conclusion the idea of local partnership incorporating public, private and voluntary involvement in all aspects of urban policies is questioned as there are contradictions within government policies and practice
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